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By
Wikipedia,
the free encyclopedia,
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vostok_rocket
Vostok
Vostok 8K72K rocket on display in Moscow |
| Function |
Carrier rocket |
| Manufacturer |
RKK Energia |
| Country of origin |
 Soviet Union |
| Size |
| Stages |
2 |
| Capacity |
Payload to
LEO |
4,725 kilograms (10,420 lb) |
| Associated rockets |
| Family |
R-7 |
| Comparable |
Atlas
Titan |
| Launch history |
| Status |
Retired |
| Launch sites |
Baikonur: LC-1/5, 31/6
Plesetsk: LC-41/1, 43/3, 43/4 |
| Total launches |
Vostok-L: 4
Vostok-K: 13
Vostok-2: 45
Vostok-2M: 94
Soyuz/Vostok: 2 |
| Successes |
Vostok-L: 3
Vostok-K: 11
Vostok-2: 40
Vostok-2M: 92
Soyuz/Vostok: 2 |
| Failures |
Vostok-L: 1
Vostok-K: 2
Vostok-2: 5
Vostok-2M: 2 |
| Maiden flight |
15 May 1960 (Vostok-L) |
| Last flight |
29 August 1991 (Vostok-2M) |
| Notable payloads |
Vostok
Zenit
Meteor |
| Boosters (Vostok-K) |
| No boosters |
4 |
| Engines |
1 RD-107-8D74-1959 |
| Thrust |
970.86 kN |
| Total thrust |
3,883.4 kN |
| Burn time |
118 seconds |
| Fuel |
RP-1/LOX |
| First Stage (Vostok-K) |
| Engines |
1 RD-108-8D75-1959 |
| Thrust |
912 kN |
| Burn time |
301 seconds |
| Fuel |
RP-1/LOX |
| Second Stage (Vostok-K) |
| Engines |
1 RD-0109 |
| Thrust |
54.5 kN |
| Burn time |
365 seconds |
| Fuel |
RP-1/LOX |
Vostok (Russian Восток, translated as "East") was a family of rockets derived from the Soviet R-7 Semyorka ICBM designed for the human spaceflight programme but later used for other satellite launches. It was a subset of the R-7 family of rockets.
On March 18, 1980 a Vostok-2M rocket exploded on its launch pad at Plesetsk during a fueling operation, killing 48. An investigation into a similar – but avoided – accident revealed that the substitution of lead-based for tin-based solder in hydrogen peroxide filters had resulted in the breakdown of the H2O2 and the resulting explosion.
Versions
The major versions of the rocket were:
Gallery
Vostok 8K72K
- Stage Number: 1 - Strap-on Boosters; 4 x Vostok 8K72K-0
- Gross Mass: 43,300 kg
- Empty Mass: 3,710 kg
- Thrust (vac): 4 x 99,000 kgf (971 kN) = 3.88 MN
- Isp: 313 s (3.07 kN·s/kg)
- Burn time: 118 s
- Isp(sl): 256 s (2.51 kN·s/kg)
- Diameter: 2.68 m
- Span: 8.35 m
- Length: 19.00 m
- Propellants: Lox/Kerosene
- Engines: 1 x RD-107-8D74-1959 per booster = 4
- Stage Number: 2 - Core stage; 1 x Vostok 8K72K-1
- Gross Mass: 100,400 kg
- Empty Mass: 6,800 kg
- Thrust (vac): 912 kN
- Isp: 315 s (3.09 kN·s/kg)
- Burn time: 301 s
- Isp(sl): 248 s (2.43 kN·s/kg)
- Diameter: 2.99 m
- Length: 28.00 m
- Propellants: Lox/Kerosene
- Engine: 1 x RD-108-8D75-1959
- Stage Number: 3 - Final stage; 1 x Vostok 8K72K-2
- Gross Mass: 7,775 kg
- Empty Mass: 1,440 kg
- Thrust (vac): 54.5 kN
- Isp: 326 s (3.20 kN·s/kg)
- Burn time: 365 s
- Diameter: 2.56 m
- Span: 2.56 m
- Length: 2.84 m
- Propellants: Lox/Kerosene
- Engine: 1 x RD-0109
See also
Ariane 5 · Atlas V · Delta (II · IV) · Dnepr-1 · GSLV · H-IIA · Kaituozhe-1 · Kosmos-3M · Long March (1D · 2C · 2D · 2F · 3A · 3B · 3C · 4B · 4C) · Minotaur I · Molniya-M · Paektusan · Pegasus · Proton (K · M) · PSLV · Rokot · Safir · Shavit · Shtil' · Start-1 · Strela · Soyuz (U · FG · 2) · Taurus · Unha · VLS-1 · Volna · Zenit (2 · 2M · 3SL · 3SLB)
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Published in July 2009.
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