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By
Wikipedia,
the free encyclopedia,
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aeronca
Aeronca, contracted from Aeronautical Corporation of America, located in Middletown, Ohio, is a US manufacturer of engine components and airframe structures for commercial aviation and the defense industry. In the 1930s and 1940s, the company was a major producer of general aviation aircraft, and also produced the engines for some of their early designs.
Aeronca has now become a division of Magellan Aerospace, producing aircraft, missile, and space vehicle components at the same location adjacent to Middletown’s Hook Field.
History
Origins
The Aeronca Aircraft Corporation was founded November 11, 1928 in Cincinnati, Ohio. Backed by the financial and political support of the prominent Taft family and future Ohio senator Robert A. Taft who was one of the firm's directors, Aeronca became the first company to build a commercially successful general aviation aircraft. When production ended in 1951, Aeronca had sold 17,408 aircraft in 55 models.
Flying Bathtub
Production began with the Jean A. Roche-designed Aeronca C-2 monoplane, often called the Flying Bathtub, in 1929. The next major model was the Scout of 1937, a two-seater, which was developed into the Chief and Super Chief the next year.
In 1937 there was a major flood at the Lunken Airport, resulting in the entire airport area being washed away. Aeronca's factory was destroyed, along with the tooling and almost all of the very early blueprints and drawings. At this time a decision was made to move the operation to a more stable area. Middletown Ohio was chosen and the company has remained there ever since. All of the airplanes produced from the start of production in 1929 to 1937 are known as the "Lunken" Aeroncas. The first Aeronca built in Middletown was produced on June 5, 1940, and after this time all Aeroncas were built here.
World War II
The Defender, a tandem trainer version of the Chief with a higher rear seat, was used in training many of the pilots who flew in World War II. Several observation and liaison aircraft designs were also produced during and after the war, including the L-3, L-16 and O-58.
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1940 Aeronca 11AC Chief |
Postwar
In 1945, following the end of World War II, Aeronca returned to civilian production with two new models, the 7AC Champion or Champ and the 11AC Chief. While the Champ shared its tandem seating arrangement with the prewar tandem trainer and the Chief shared its name with the prewar Chief designs, both were new designs. A benefit of the concurrent development was that the new designs had about 80% of their parts in common. Nevertheless, the Champ was favored by the public, evidenced by its outselling its sibling at a rate of 4 to 1. Between 1945 and 1951, nearly 8,000 Champions were manufactured; while over the same period, approximately 2,000 Chiefs were produced.
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1946 7AC Champion |
New ownership
Aeronca ceased light aircraft production in 1951, and in 1954 sold the Champion design to the new Champion Aircraft Corporation of Osceola, Wisconsin, which continued building variants of the Champion as well as the derivative design, the Citabria. Aeronca now builds components for aerospace companies including Boeing, Northrop, Lockheed and Airbus. In its 23-year history as a general aviation and military aviation manufacturer, Aeronca produced 17,408 aircraft spanning 55 different models.
Aircraft
Date of first production is given
- Aeronca C-2- 1929 single-engine single-seat tube and fabric high-wing monoplane with tailskid
- Aeronca C-3 - 1931 two-seat (side-by-side) development of Aeronca C-2
- Aeronca L - 1935 single-engine two-seat (side-by-side) low-wing monoplane with conventional tailwheel landing gear
- Aeronca K - 1937 single-engine two-seat high-wing monoplane with conventional tailwheel landing gear
- Aeronca 50 Chief - 1938 single-engine two-seat (tandem) high-wing monoplane with conventional tailwheel landing gear and 50hp engine
- Aeronca Defender - 1938 Aeronca Super Chief with rear seat raised - used for flight training
- Aeronca L-3 - 1941 military version of Aeronca Super Champ
- Aeronca TG-5 - 1942 Army glider trainer based on L-3 structure
- Aeronca LNR - 1942 US Navy designation for Aeronca TG-5
- Aeronca L-16 - 1944 military liaison aircraft; basis of Aeronca 7 Champ
- Aeronca 7 Champion - 1945 single-engine two-seat (tandem) high-wing monoplane conventional tailwheel landing gear
- Aeronca 11 Chief - 1945 new design but similar to the pre-war Chief but with a wider cabin and different wing
- Aeronca 15 Sedan - 1947 four-seat aircraft with fabric covered fuselage and full metal wings
- Aeronca Arrow - 1947 single-engine two-seat low-wing monoplane with retractable landing gear. One built; not put into production
- Aeronca Chum -(1946) Aeronca-built version of ERCO Ercoupe. Two prototypes built; not put into production
Engines
Museum Displays
- 1936 Aeronca C-3 Master
- 1937 Aeronca Model "K"
See also
External links
Text from Wikipedia is available under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License; additional terms may apply.
Published in July 2009.
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